Everything about Fahrner Image Replacement totally explained
Fahrner Image Replacement (abbreviated
FIR) is a Web design technique that uses
Cascading Style Sheets to replace text on a Web page with an image containing that text. It is intended to keep the page accessible to users of
screen readers, text-only
web browsers, or other browsers where support for images or style sheets is either disabled or nonexistent, while allowing the image to differ between styles. FIR is named for Todd Fahrner, one of the persons originally credited with the idea of image replacement.
Motivation
The typical method of inserting an image in an
HTML document is via the
<img> tag. This method has its drawbacks with regards to accessibility and flexibility, however:
- Browsers without support for images can't see the text. Adding alternative text using the
alt attribute disallows HTML markup and causes problems with some search robots.
- Using the
<img> tag to show text is presentational; many Web designers argue that presentational elements should be separated from HTML content by placing the former in a CSS style sheet.
- Images referenced using an
<img> tag can't be easily changed via CSS, causing problems with alternate stylesheets.
Fahrner Image Replacement was devised to rectify these issues.
Implementations
The original FIR implementation
described by
Douglas Bowman used a heading, inside of which was a
<span> element containing the text of the heading:
Through style sheets, the heading was then given a background containing the desired image, and the
<span> hidden by setting its
display CSS property to
none:
#firHeader
Further Information
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